Figured everything out and got my speedo working! In order to pull the old cable core out I had to cut the speedo cable in half then yank the innards out. The half that goes to the transfer case cooperated well but the half that goes to the cruise speed sensor didn't, the cable had fragged inside and fused together with the clear plastic liner that it rides in. I still need a new cable assembly but I was able to make a temp fix for the time being until I can find one from a parts Eagle.
After cutting the cable in half and removing the old cable core I reattached the two halves with a piece of 3/8" fuel line and 4 hose clamps. I didn't plan the cut I just went with it but when I reinstalled it the spot where I did the splice is guarded by the skid plate for the transfer case. Don't think I could have done it better if I had planned it out! Hopefully this temporary fix will last long enough until I get a new cable.
Ended up figuring out the odometer issue as well but this should not be attempted if you have shaky hands like me. After a few choice words and an hour or so I got everything working again. Also a few choice words after reassembling the dash.
To make a long story short my speedometer, odometer and cruise are working again.